Introducation of Lille

Lille is a city in northern France on the Deule River. It is the capital of the Nord-Pas de Calais region. It is also the prefecture (capital) of the Nord departement. It lies near the border with Belgium and its Dutch name is Rijsel.

The city of Lille absorbed Lomme on February 27, 2000. Their combined population at the 1999 census was 212,597 inhabitants. The whole metropolitan area of Lille, both on French and Belgian territory (Kortrijk) was estimated in 2000 at around 1,730,000 inhabitants, ranking as one of the major metropolitan areas of Europe.

Lille has had a stormy history (it has been besieged no fewer than 11 times). In fact, the city only became definitely part of France just over 300 years ago. The town, whose name is derived from the French l’île (‘the island’), thus named because it was situated on an island in the Deule River, started life as a small village founded by the Flemish in about 1030. Before the end of the 11th century, the village had grown into a town and had been fortified by Count Baldwin IV of Flanders. Before the end of the century, it became a leading textile producer.

The capital of Flanders during the Middle Ages, Lille was given to France by the Flanders government in 1312. Subsequently, it fell into various hands (including Austrian and Spanish ones), before being reclaimed, in 1667, by Louis XIV, who made it a showplace of French power and glory. In 1708, Lille was captured again by Eugene, Prince of Savoy, in collaboration with the English under the Duke of Marlborough. It was restored to France in 1713 by the Peace of Utrecht. Lille was both damaged and occupied by the Germans in both World Wars.

Today Lille (or Ryssel in Flemish) is the most important city in northern France, and the fourth biggest overall in the country. It has a very young population (including many students), and a vibrant cultural scene. The Eurostar connection with London has made it easier than ever to access from the UK.

Lille is not blessed with the best of weather, but even when it’s cold or rainy outside, it’s always warm and welcoming in the numerous estaminets (local take on bar/tavern). Summer is the best time to visit. (more…)